1. What is Obesity?
Obesity is a treatable disease that occurs when there is excess fat in the body.
Experts advise that its most undesirable effects occur because it acts as an agent that highlights and bothers serious pathologies.
Such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular complications, and even some very clear in the short term—types of cancer, such as gastrointestinal.
Health experts frequently use the Body Mass Index (BMI) to control if they are overweight (between 25 or 30) or obese (from 30).
However, today there is some controversy over whether this index is satisfactory, and many consider it outdated.
a. Causes
- The causes of Obesity are multiple. In addition to reduced nutrition or lack of physical workouts, there are also genetic and organic factors that lead to its appearance.
- They can also influence socioeconomic issues. In some advanced countries, the frequency of Obesity is more than double among women of lower socioeconomic status than among those of higher levels.
- Obesity can cause other types, too—some pharmacological treatments, lack of sleep, or quitting smoking.
- Finally, stress or stages such as menopause or after giving birth can coincide with a weight gain that, left untreated, can end up causing Obesity.
b. Symptoms
- The accumulation of excess fat under the diaphragm and in the chest wall can pressure the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing and choking, even with minimal effort.
- Obesity can cause several orthopaedic problems, including pain in the lower back area and worsening of osteoarthritis, especially in the hips, knees, and ankles.
- Skin disorders are also common. Since obese people have a lesser body surface about their weight, they sweat more than thin people.
- Similarly, swelling of the feet and ankles is frequent, caused by the accumulation of overweight.
c. Prevention
According to experts, prevention from childhood is essential to reduce the numbers of this illness.
The prevention of Obesity should include a change of habits in food and physical activity:
d. Feeding
Intake well is one of the main pillars to avoid Obesity, as Susana Monereo points out:
The best way to end up fat is to go on a diet on time.
2. How Should Our Food Be?
The critical point is to change eating habits and acquire a healthy eating routine. The patient has to be active, know the food collections well, and make a caloric intake appropriate to the amount of exercise done throughout the day. Obesity can prevent by the following eating pattern is the only possibility and if you lose weight, maintain weight loss over time.
a. Physical Exercise
The physical activity must be satisfactory and well adjusted to each. Physical exercise must combine strength exercises with cardiovascular work; moving will also increase the nutrition program.
b. Diagnosis
- The most common way to determine a patient is obese to calculate their body mass index, by which the amount of body fat is obtained and, depending on the results. What are the possible risks to health?
- The specialist can decide any damage to the rest of the body and diagnose it for treatment.
c. Treatments
The Obesity approach can make in a multidisciplinary way, including proper nutrition, physical exercise, psychological support, and pharmacological treatment.
d. Psychological Support
Psychological treatment is crucial to help you cope with the disease and achieve weight loss goals.
3. Pharmacotherapy
- Pharmacological treatment will go into two lines. To begin, the patient has to treat the comorbidities associated with Obesity. i.e., the patient’s pain has to remove if he has a sore knee.
- And also, another is gastroesophageal reflux, one of the most frequent consequences of Obesity; it will have to be improved.
- Once problems got treated, specialists will advise the appropriate treatment for Obesity; in many cases, lifestyle changes are not enough.
- “In those patients where the excess weight is enormous, we sometimes have the option to surgery.
